37.1 Conceptual Questions
1) A rocket is moving at 1/4 the speed of light relative to Earth. At the center of this rocket, a light suddenly flashes. To an observer at rest on Earth
A) the light will reach the front of the rocket at the same instant that it reaches the.
31) Fermium-253 has a half-life of 3.00 d. A sample of fermium contains 7.37 × 107 nuclei. How long will it take for there to be only 3.36 × 106 fermium nuclei in this sample?
A) 2.75 d
B) 9.80 d
C) 13.4 d
D) 15.7 d
E) 58.6 d
32) In a laboratory accident a.
36) Light of wavelength 500 nm illuminates a round 0.50-mm diameter hole. A screen is placed 6.3 m behind the slit. What is the diameter of the central bright area on the screen?
A) 15 mm
B) 270 μm
C) 7.7 mm
D) 3800 μm
37) Light of wavelength 633 nm from a He-Ne laser.
41.1 Conceptual Questions
1) If two electrons in an atom have the same energy, then they must have the same four quantum numbers.
A) true
B) false
C) They cannot both have the same energy.
2) If two electrons in the same atom have the same four quantum numbers, then they must have the same.
43.2 Problems
1) A certain nucleus containing 8 protons and 7 neutrons has a radius R. Which of the following values would be closest to the expected value of the radius of a nucleus having 51 protons and 69 neutrons?
A) 1.85R
B) 2.00R
C) 2.14R
D) 6.38R
E) 8.00R
2) A certain nucleus containing 8 protons.
16) An electric current through a tungsten filament maintains its temperature at 2800 K. Assume the tungsten filament behaves as an ideal radiator at that temperature. Near what wavelength does the filament emit the greatest power? (σ = 5.67 × 10-8 W/m2 ? K4, Wien displacement law constant is 2.9.
41) A person's eye lens is 2.7 cm away from the retina. This lens has a near point of 25 cm and a far point at infinity.
(a) What must the focal length of this lens be in order for an object placed at the near point of the eye to.
27) The excited state of a certain atom is 3.2 eV ± 0.21 eV. ( h = 1.055 × 10-34 J ? s = 6.591 × 10-16 eV ? s, 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)
(a) What is the average lifetime of this state?
(b) If the excited energy were.
11) A pair of narrow slits, separated by 1.8 mm, is illuminated by a monochromatic light source. Light waves arrive at the two slits in phase, and a fringe pattern is observed on a screen 4.8 m from the slits. If there are 5.0 complete bright fringes per centimeter on.
26) A metallic sheet has a large number of slits, 5.0 mm wide and 20 cm apart, and is used as a diffraction grating for microwaves. A wide parallel beam of microwaves is incident normally on the sheet. If the microwave wavelength is 6.0 cm, what is the largest angle.
17) A beam of x-rays at a certain wavelength are scattered from a free electron at rest and the scattered beam is observed at 45.0° to the incident beam. What is the change in the wavelength of the x-rays? (mel = 9.11 × 10-31 kg, h = 6.626 × 10-34.
41) In the nuclear reaction B + He → H + X, which of the following is the missing nuclear product X?
A) F
B) N
C) C
D) N
E) N
42) In the nuclear reaction
n + U → X + 2e-
n is a neutron and e- is an electron, and the neutrinos have.
44.2 Problems
1) A cyclotron of radius 0.25 m accelerates protons in a 1.7-T magnetic field. What is the frequency for the applied alternating voltage? (mproton = 1.67 × 10-27 kg, e = 1.60 × 10-19 C)
A) 0.26 MHz
B) 2.6 MHz
C) 26 MHz
D) 260 MHz
E) 2600 MHz
2) The voltage across the.
37) The energy of an electron state has an uncertainty of 0.500 eV. What is the minimum uncertainty in the lifetime of the level? ( h = 1.055 × 10-34 J ? s = 6.591 × 10-16 eV ? s, 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)
A) 6.59 × 10-16.
61) The focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece in a compound microscope are 0.80 cm and 2.5 cm, respectively. The image formed by the objective is 16 cm from it and the final image is 25 cm from the eye. What is the total overall magnification of the microscope?
A).
7) A metal having a work function of 2.8 eV is illuminated with monochromatic light whose photon energy is 3.9 eV. What is the threshold frequency for photoelectron production? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s, 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)
A) 6.8 × 1014 Hz
B) 2.7 ×.
40.1 Conceptual Questions
1) The square of the wave function of a particle, |ψ(x)|2, gives the probability of finding the particle at the point x.
A) True
B) False
2) The smallest kinetic energy that an electron in a box (an infinite well) can have is zero.
A) True
B) False
3) The wave function for a.
11) If a nucleus decays by gamma decay to a daughter nucleus, which of the following statements about this decay are correct? (There may be more than one correct choice.)
A) The daughter nucleus has more protons than the original nucleus.
B) The daughter nucleus has more neutrons than the original nucleus.
C).
11) The reaction p + e- → + e+ is not possible because
A) baryon number is not conserved.
B) lepton number is not conserved.
C) charge is not conserved.
D) energy is not conserved.
E) This reaction IS possible.
12) The reaction p + → e+ + γ is not possible because
A) baryon.
11) Which one of the following processes CANNOT occur?
A) π+ → μ+ + vμ
B) π0 → 2γ
C) π+ + p → K+ + Σ+
D) π- + p → n + γ
E) Σ- → π- + p
12) How many quarks are in a deuteron, 2H?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
13) Consider.
25) Two spaceships are approaching one another, each at a speed of 0.28c relative to a stationary observer on Earth. What speed does an observer on one spaceship record for the other approaching spaceship?
26) A spaceship is moving away from the earth with a constant speed of 0.80c. The spaceship.
26) Light of wavelength 105 nm falls on a metal surface for which the work function is 5.00 eV. What is the minimum de Broglie wavelength of the photoelectrons emitted from this metal? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s = 4.14 × 10-15 eV ? s, c =.
17) The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of an electron in a certain atom is equal to 3.464?. Which one of the following numbers could be the principal quantum number n of the electron?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
18) The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of.
21) Light of frequency 6.00 × 1014 Hz illuminates a soap film (n = 1.33) having air on both sides of it. When viewing the film by reflected light, what is the minimum thickness of the film that will give an interference maximum when the light is incident normally on.
7) If an electron has spin quantum number ms = - what is the possible value for the orbital quantum number l of the electron?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 11
E) All of the above numbers are possible.
8) In the ground state, the quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms) for hydrogen are,.
36.1 Conceptual Questions
1) In a single-slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit through which light passes is reduced. What happens to the width of the central bright fringe?
A) It stays the same.
B) It becomes narrower.
C) It becomes wider.
D) Its behavior depends on the wavelength of the light.
2) A single-slit.
11) Radium-226 decays into radon-222 plus an alpha particle. How much energy is released in this process? 1 u = 931.494 MeV/c2, and the relevant mass values are
He:4.002603 u
Rn:222.017570 u
Ra:226.025402 u
A) 4.24 MeV
B) 3.76 MeV
C) 4.87 MeV
D) 5.05 MeV
E) 5.39 MeV
12) Plutonium-239 decays into uranium-235 plus an alpha particle. The.
42.2 Problems
1) A diatomic has a moment of inertia of 7.73 × 10-45 kg? m2. What is its rotational energy in the quantum state characterized by l = 2? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s, h = 1.055 × 10-34 J ? s, 1 eV = 1.60.
6) A particle is confined to a one-dimensional box (an infinite well) on the x-axis between x = 0 and x = L. The potential height of the walls of the box is infinite. The normalized wave function of the particle, which is in the ground state, is given by.
44.1 Conceptual Questions
1) Which of the following particles are leptons? (There may be more than one correct choice.)
A) positron
B) muon
C) π-meson
D) neutron
E) electron
2) Particles that do not interact via the strong force but do interact via the weak nuclear force (and presumably by the much weaker gravitation force) are called
A).
15) Two space stations are at rest relative to each other and are 6.0 × 107 m apart, as measured by observers on the stations. A spaceship traveling from one station to the other at 0.90c relative to the stations passes both of them, one after the other. As measured.
38.1 Conceptual Questions
1) Monochromatic light strikes a metal surface and electrons are ejected from the metal. If the intensity of the light is increased, what will happen to the ejection rate and maximum energy of the electrons?
A) greater ejection rate; same maximum energy
B) same ejection rate; greater maximum energy
C) greater.
42.1 Conceptual Questions
1) Covalent bonding is due to
A) the sharing of electrons between atoms.
B) the transfer of electrons between atoms.
C) atoms bonding to hydrogen molecules.
D) atoms bonding to oxygen molecules.
2) Ionic bonding is due to
A) the sharing of electrons between atoms.
B) the transfer of electrons between atoms.
C) atoms bonding to.
21) The stability of Sc with respect to alpha, β+, and β- decay is to be determined. Do not consider the possibility of decay by electron capture. The following atomic masses are known:
He:4.002603 u
K:42.960717 u
Ca:46.954543 u
Sc46.952409 u
Ti:46.951764 u
The Sc nuclide is
A) not subject to alpha, β+, or β- decay.
B) subject.
21) When an object 1.15 cm tall is placed 12 cm from a lens, the lens produces an upright image of the object that is 5.75 cm tall. What is the focal length of the lens?
A) 24 cm
B) 18 cm
C) 60 cm
D) 15 cm
E) 9.0 cm
22) A 4.0-cm tall object.
43.1 Conceptual Questions
1) Consider two different isotopes of the same neutral element. Which statements about these isotopes are true? (There may be more than one correct choice.)
A) Both isotopes contain the same number of neutrons.
B) Both isotopes contain the same number of protons.
C) Both isotopes contain the same number of.
35) How many joules of energy are required to accelerate a 1.0-kg mass from rest to a speed of 86.6% the speed of light? (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s)
A) 1.8 × 1017 J
B) 9.0 × 1016 J
C) 2.7 × 1012 J
D) 4.5 × 109 J
E) 3.0 × 103 J
36).
5) Someone in Earth's rest frame says that a spaceship's trip between two planets took 10.0 y, while an astronaut on the space ship says that the trip took 6.27 y. Find the speed of the spaceship in terms of the speed of light.
A) 0.779c
B) 0.687c
C) 0.975c
D) 0.384c
6) An unstable.
31) A convex-concave thin lens is made with the radius of curvature of the convex surface being 25.0 cm and the concave surface 45.0 cm. If the glass used has index of refraction 1.500, what is the focal length of this lens?
A) -32.0 cm
B) 32.0 cm
C) 113 cm
D) 67.5 cm
E).
6) If the fifth order minimum in the diffraction pattern due to a thin slit is at 40° from the central maximum, at what angle does the first order minimum occur?
A) 8.0°
B) 3.4°
C) 4.0°
D) 7.4°
E) 1.7°
7) If the fifth order minimum in the diffraction pattern of a thin slit is.
39.1 Conceptual Questions
1) At absolute temperature T, a black body radiates its peak intensity at wavelength λ. At absolute temperature 2T, what would be the wavelength of the peak intensity?
A) 16λ
B) 2λ
C) λ
D) λ/2
E) λ/16
2) A nonrelativistic electron and a nonrelativistic proton have the same de Broglie wavelength. Which of.
16) When monochromatic light illuminates a grating with 7000 lines per centimeter, its second order maximum is at 62.4°. What is the wavelength of the light?
A) 336 nm
B) 363 nm
C) 452 nm
D) 633 nm
E) 752 nm
17) Monochromatic light is incident on a grating that is 75 mm wide and ruled.
51) A singer is farsighted and cannot see objects clearly that are closer than 80.0 cm from his unaided eye. What is the refractive power of the contact lenses that will move his near point to a distance of 25.0 cm from his eye?
A) 2.75 diopters
B) -2.75 diopters
C) -4.72 diopters
D).
11) A certain diatomic molecule emits a photon of energy 1.20 eV when it makes a transition from the n = 1 vibrational state to the next lower vibrational state. What is the frequency of vibration of the molecule? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s, h =.
51) An excited U* nucleus undergoes fission into two fragments, as shown:
U* → Ba + Kr
The following atomic masses are known:
Kr:91.926270 u
Ba:143.922845 u
U*:236.045563 u
What is the reaction energy, in MeV, for this process? (1 u = 1.6605 × 10-27 kg = 931.5 MeV/c2)
A) 150 MeV
B) 160 MeV
C) 170 MeV
D) 180.
35.1 Conceptual Questions
1) In a double-slit experiment, if the slit separation is increased, which of the following happens to the interference pattern shown on the screen?
A) The minima get closer together.
B) The maxima stay at the same position.
C) The minima and maxima stay at the same position.
D) The minima stay.
26) The energy of a proton is 1.0 MeV below the top of a 1.2-MeV-high energy barrier that is 6.8 fm wide. What is the probability that the proton will tunnel through the barrier? (1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J, mproton = 1.67 × 10-27 kg, h =.
16) You want to confine an electron in a box (an infinite well) so that its ground state energy is 5.0 × 10-18 J. What should be the length of the box? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s, mel = 9.11 × 10-31 kg)
A) 0.11 nm
B) 0.22 nm
C).
27) How many electrons does it take to fill the d subshell?
A) 10
B) 6
C) 14
D) 4
E) 8
28) How many possible sets of quantum numbers (electron states) are there in the 5f subshell?
A) 2
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10
E) 14
29) A neutral atom has an electron configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p2. How many protons does.
6) Light excites atomic hydrogen from its lowest level to the n = 4 level. What is the energy of the light? The energy of the lowest level is -13.6 eV.
A) 12.8 eV
B) 3.40 eV
C) 0.850 eV
D) 26.4 eV
7) Light shines through atomic hydrogen gas. It is seen that the.
