11.A research study comparing three treatments with n = 5 in each treatment produces T1 = 5, T2 = 10, T3 = 15, with SS1 = 6, SS2 = 9, SS3 = 9, and ?X2 = 94. For this study, what is SSbetween?
a.10c.34
b.24d.68
12.A research study comparing three treatments with n.
11.A matched-subjects study and an independent-measures study both produced a t statistic with df = 10. How many individuals participated in each study?
a.11 for matched-subjects and 11 for independent-measures
b.11 for matched-subjects and 12 for independent-measures
c.12 for matched-subjects and 12 for independent-measures
d.22 for matched-subjects and 12 for independent-measures
12.For the repeated-measures t.
21.The Pearson correlation is calculated for a sample of n = 20 individuals. If a hypothesis test is used to determine whether the correlation is significant, what df value would be used for the t statistic?
a.18c.20
b.19d.21
22.A researcher obtains a Pearson correlation of r = 0.60 for a sample of n.
11.A repeated-measures ANOVA with n = 5 subjects has df within-treatment equal to 12. What is the value for dferror for this analysis?
a.8c.48
b.16d.Insufficient information to find dferror
12.For a repeated-measures study comparing three treatment conditions with a sample of n = 4 participants, what are the degrees of freedom for the.
31.The following table shows the results of an analysis of variance comparing two treatment conditions with a sample of n = 11 participants in each treatment. Note that several values are missing in the table. What is the missing value for the F-ratio?
a.2 Source SS df MS
b.7 Between xx xx .
TRUE/FALSE
1.A negative correlation means that decreases in the X variable tend to be accompanied by decreases in the Y variable.
2.If the value of the Pearson correlation is r = +1.00 or ?1.00, then all data points in a scatter plot fit perfectly on a straight line.
3.A Pearson correlation of r.
11.What happens to the critical value for a chi-square test if the size of the sample is increased?
a.The critical value increases.
b.The critical value decreases.
c.The critical value depends on the number of categories, not the sample size.
d.The critical value is determined entirely by the alpha level.
12.What happens to the shape of.
31.For a group of graduating college seniors, a researcher records each student’s rank in his/her high school graduating class and the student’s rank in the college graduating class. Which correlation should be used to measure the relationship between these two variables?
a.Pearson correlationc.Point-biserial correlation
b.Spearman correlationd.Phi-coefficient
32.For the linear equation Y = 2X.
31.A researcher reports t(12) = 2.86, p < .05 for a repeated-measures research study. How many individuals participated in the study?
a.n = 11c.n = 24
b.n = 13d.n = 25
32.In general, if the variance of the difference scores increases, what will happen to the value of the t statistic?
a.It will increase.
TRUE/FALSE
1.A research study compares the mean weight for a sample of n = 36 participants before they begin a 6-week diet and their mean weight at the end of the diet. This is an example of an independent-measures design.
2.If both samples have the same number of scores (n), then the.
TRUE/FALSE
1.A researcher would like to compare two treatment conditions with a set of 30 scores in each treatment. If a repeated-measures design is used, the study will require n = 60 participants.
2.One concern for a repeated-measures study is that the participants in one treatment may have different characteristics than the.
21.The results from an independent-measures t hypothesis test are reported as “t(24) = 3.85,
22.An independent-measures study produces t(10) = 3.00, p < .05. For this study, if effect size is measured with r2, then r2 = 3/13.
23.If two separate samples have M1 = 10 and M2 = 18 with a.
21.The line produced by the equation Y = 4X – 5 crosses the vertical axis at Y = 5.
22.It is possible for the regression equation to have none of the actual (observed) data points located on the regression line.
23.For a regression equation with a positive slope, if the X value.
11.The distribution of F-ratios is negatively skewed.
12.The larger the differences among the sample means, the larger the numerator of the F-ratio will be.
13.SSwithin measures the size of the sample variances.
14.If an analysis of variance produces a value of F = 1.00, then all of the samples have exactly the same.
11.If one sample has n = 4 and SS = 90 and a second sample has n = 8 and SS = 150, then the estimated standard error for the sample mean difference is 9 points.
12.If an independent-measures t statistic has df = 20, then there were a total of.
31.An independent-measures study produces sample means of M1 = 20 and M2 = 17. If both samples have n = 18 scores and Cohen’s d = 0.50, what is the value for the pooled variance?
a.2c.6
b.4d.36
32.An independent-measures study comparing two treatment conditions with n = 6 in each sample produces t.
31.A chi-square test for goodness of fit is used to examine the distribution of individuals across four categories, and a chi-square test for independence is used to examine the distribution of individuals across the six categories in a 2×3 matrix of categories. Which test has the larger value for df?
a.The.
TRUE/FALSE
1.In the second stage of the repeated-measures ANOVA, individual differences are removed from the denominator of the F-ratio.
2.For a repeated-measures design, the differences between treatments may be caused by a treatment effect or by sampling error (random factors), but they cannot be caused by individual differences.
3.The denominator of the repeated-measures.
SHORT ANSWER
1.Compute the Pearson correlation for the following data.
X Y
2 3
3 1
6 5
4 4
52
2.A sample of n = 25 pairs of scores (X and Y values) produces a correlation of r = –0.40. Are these sample data sufficient to conclude that there is a significant non-zero correlation between X and.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.For which of the following situations would a repeated-measures research design be appropriate?
a.Comparing mathematical skills for girls versus boys at age 10
b.Comparing pain tolerance with and without acupuncture needles
c.Comparing self-esteem for students who participate in school athletics versus those who do not
d.Comparing verbal solving skills for science majors versus.
41.A chi-square test for independence is being used to evaluate the relationship between two variables. If the test has df = 3, what can you conclude about the two variables?
a.One variable consists of 2 categories and the other consists of 3 categories
b.One variable consists of 2 categories and the other.
21.For an independent-measures two-factor analysis of variance, all of the F-ratios use the same denominator.
22.For a two-factor analysis of variance, the significance of any specific F-ratio is completely independent of the significance of the other F-ratios.
23.A two-factor analysis of variance produces an F-ratio for factor A that has df =.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.For an ANOVA comparing three treatment conditions, what is stated by the null hypothesis (H0)?
a.There are no differences between any of the population means.
b.At least one of the three population means is different from another mean.
c.All three of the population means are different from each other.
d.None of the other.
11.A set of n = 10 pairs of scores has ΣX = 20, ΣY = 30, and ΣXY = 74. What is the value of SP for these data?
a.74c.14
b.24d.–14
12.A set of n = 5 pairs of X and Y scores has ΣX = 15, ΣY = 5, and ΣXY =.
41.A two-factor research study has 2 levels of factor A and three 3 of factor B with n = 8 participants in each treatment condition. For this study, what is the value for dfbetween treatments?
a.3c.5
b.4d.6
42.What is the relationship among the separate F-rations in a two-factor ANOVA?
a.They may have different df.
SHORT ANSWER
1.A researcher conducts an independent-measures study examining the effectiveness of a group exercise program at an assisted living facility for elderly adults. One group of residents is selected to participate in the program, and a second group serves as a control. After 6 weeks, the researcher records a combined.
41.Which of the following describes the effect of increasing sample size?
a.Measures of effect size and the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis both increase.
b.Measure of effect size increase, but the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis decreases.
c.There is little or no effect on measures of effect size, but the likelihood.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.In an independent-measures ANOVA, individual differences contribute to the variance in the numerator and in the denominator of the F-ratio. For a repeated-measures ANOVA, what happens to the individual differences in the numerator of the F-ratio?
a.They do not exist because the same individuals participate in all of the treatments.
b.They.
SHORT ANSWER
1.Briefly explain the advantages and disadvantages of using a repeated-measures design as opposed to an independent-measures design.
2.For the following data from a repeated-measures study:
a. Find the difference scores
b. Calculate MD and the variance for the difference scores
c. Calculate the estimated standard error for the mean difference
Subject Treatment 1 Treatment.
21.A repeated-measures experiment compares three treatment conditions with a sample of n = 10 participants. If the data are analyzed with ANOVA, the analysis would have dftotal = _____.
a.27c.29
b.28d.30
22.A repeated-measures analysis of variance for a study comparing three treatment conditions with a sample of n = 10 participants, produces an.
4.The following table summarizes the results of a two-factor ANOVA evaluating an independent-measures experiment with 2 levels of factor A, 3 levels of factor B, and n = 8 participants in each treatment condition.
a. Fill in all missing values in the table. (Hint: start with the df column.)
b.Compute η2 (the.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.What is indicated by a positive value for a correlation?
a.Increases in X tend to be accompanied by increases in Y
b.Increases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y
c.A much stronger relationship than if the correlation were negative
d.A much weaker relationship than if the correlation were negative
2.What would.
11.A researcher reports df = 18 for a repeated-measures t statistic. This research study used a total of n = 19 participants.
12.A repeated-measures research study comparing two treatments with a set of 10 scores in each treatment will produce a t statistic with df = 18.
13.If a set of n.
21.An analysis of variance produces SSbetween = 40 and MSbetween = 20. In this analysis, how many treatment conditions are being compared?
a.2c.4
b.3d.20
22.In an analysis of variance, which of the following is not true?
a.SStotal = SSbetween + SSwithinc.MStotal = MSbetween + MSSwithin
b.dftotal = dfbetween + dfwithind.All three choices are true.
23.Which of.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.The data for a chi-square test consist of ___________.
a.numerical scoresc.ranks
b.non-numerical categoriesd.frequencies
2.What values are specified by the null hypothesis for a chi-square test?
a.Frequencies for a samplec.Proportions for a sample
b.Frequencies for a populationd.Proportions for a population
3.Which of the following best describes the possible values for a chi-square statistic?
a.Chi-square is always a.
11.The F-ratio for a repeated-measures ANOVA has df = 2, 16. The research study compared 3 treatments with a sample of n = 8 participants.
12.The result of a repeated-measures ANOVA stated that F(3, 21) = 4.57, p < .05. The study used a sample of n = 7 participants.
13.For a.
31.The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. Note that one mean is not given. What value for the missing mean would result in no A?B interaction?
20
30
10
a.10c.30
b.20d.40
32.If the mean and variance are computed for each sample in an independent-measures, two-factor experiment, which of the.
SHORT ANSWER
1.A researcher conducts a repeated-measures study comparing three treatment conditions with a sample of n = 12 participants. The results are evaluated with a repeated-measures ANOVA and an incomplete summary table follows. Provide the missing values. (Hint: begin with values for df).
Source SS df MS
_______________________________________________
Between treatments ____ ____ .
11.For a two-tailed hypothesis test evaluating the significance of a correlation, the null hypothesis states that the sample correlation is zero.
12.In a test for significance of a Pearson correlation for a sample of n = 30 individuals, you determine the critical value by using df = 29.
13.Assuming that other factors.
21.A set of n = 16 difference scores has a mean of MD = 4 and a variance of s2 = 36. Cohen’s d for this sample is d = 4/6.
22.For a repeated-measures study, if other factors are held constant, then an increase in the size of the sample will.
TRUE/FALSE
1.For an ANOVA, when the null hypothesis is true, the F-ratio is balanced so that the numerator and the denominator are both measuring the same sources of variance.
2.For an analysis of variance comparing three treatment means, H0 states that all three population means are the same and H1 states that.
TRUE/FALSE
1.Nonparametric tests are used only with data from a nominal scale.
2.One characteristic of nonparametric tests is that they make few, if any, assumptions about the populations being investigated.
3.For a chi-square test, the expected frequencies are calculated values that are intended to produce a sample that is representative of the null.
21.A researcher used a sample of n = 60 individuals to determine whether there are any preferences among four brands of pizza. Each individual tastes all four brands and selects his/her favorite. If the data are evaluated with a chi-square test for goodness of fit using α = .05, then.
41.For the regression equation, ? = –2X + 6 if the X value is above the mean (positive deviation), what can be determined about the predicted Y value?
a.The predicted Y value will be above the mean for the Y scores
b.The predicted Y value will be below the mean for the.
SHORT ANSWER
1.The data below are from an independent-measures experiment comparing three different treatment conditions.
Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment 3
0 2 ```4
0 3 2 G = 36
0 1 4 ΣX2 = 114
3 3 3
0 2 4
01 4
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
T = 3 T = 12 T = 21
SS = 7.5 SS = 4 SS.
21.For a repeated-measures study comparing two treatment conditions, a researcher obtains a sample of n = 9 difference scores with a mean of MD = 4 and a variance of s2 = 36. What is the value for the repeated-measures t statistic for these data?
a.4/2c.4/6
b.4/4d.4/36
22.A repeated-measures study comparing two treatments.
41.For an independent-measures t statistic, what is the effect of increasing the number of scores in the samples?
a.Increase the likelihood of rejecting H0 and increase measures of effect size
b.Increase the likelihood of rejecting H0 and decrease measures of effect size
c.Increase the likelihood of rejecting H0 and have little or no.
41.In an analysis of variance, which of the following is determined the size of the sample variances?
a.SSbetweenc.dfbetween
b.SSwithind.dfwithin
42.In general, what factors are most likely to reject the null hypothesis for an ANOVA?
a.Small mean differences and small variances
b.Small mean differences and large variances
c.Large mean differences and small variances
d.Large mean differences and large.
11.The observed frequencies for a chi-square test can be fractions or decimal values.
12.The expected frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).
13.In general, a large value for chi-square indicates a good fit between the sample data and the null hypothesis.
14.For a fixed level of significance,.
21.A research report presents the results of an independent-measures ANOVA as follows:
F(3, 28) = 5.36, p < .01. If all the samples were the same size, then each sample had n = 7 participants.
22.In analysis of variance, large sample variances reduce the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.
23.SSbetween measures the.
