Question : Which step of translation requires mRNA decoding by a protein : 2134184

21) Which step of translation requires mRNA decoding by a protein?

A. Initiation

B. Elongation

C. Termination

D. A and C

22) The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein complex that binds to ribosomes translating polypeptides that bear a signal sequence for targeting to

A. the endoplasmic reticulum.

B. the nucleus.

C. the mitochondria.

D. the cytoplasm.

23) What is a molecular chaperone?

A. A protein that binds to ribosomes at the rough ER membrane.

B. A protein that post-translationally modifies a nascent polypeptide by adding or removing a phosphate group.

C. A protein component of the large ribosomal subunit that helps with correct peptide bond formation.

D. A protein that helps a nascent polypeptide chain to adopt its correct three-dimensional fold.

24) When the translation initiation factor eIF2 is phosphorylated in response to a sudden temperature increase or viral infection, translation can be greatly inhibited. In this case, phosphorylated eIF2 is under _______________ control, and the phosphorylation of eIF2 leads to global (general or widespread) _____________ control.

A. translational; post-translational

B. post-translational; translational

C. post-translational; transcriptional

D. translational; transcriptional

25) In response to unfavorable conditions such as hypoxia or osmotic shock, translation can be globally repressed by

A. modification of mRNA 7-methylguanosine caps

B. ribosome stalling via a conformation change in eEF2

C. phosphorylation of eIF2a

D. puromycin synthesis