Question : The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) has traditionally : 2153831

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

1) The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) has traditionally been the most widely cited on crime in the United States.

2) The UCR is divided into Part 1 and Part 2 crimes.

3) The property crime index includes robbery.

4) The violent crime index includes arson.

5) The crime rate is expressed as the number of crimes per unit of population, in this case per 100,000.

6) The major change in the new UCR program was its conversion to a NIBRS, which involves a unit-record reporting system in which each local law enforcement agency reports on each individual crime incident and on each individual arrest.

7) Sampling is a procedure used in research by which a select subunit of a population is studied in order to analyse the entire population.

8) Probability samples refer to samples that permit estimation of the likelihood of each element of the population being selected in the sample.

9) Simple random samples (SRSs) are samples in which each element of the population (or universe) has an equal probability of being selected.

10) EPSEM, a means of sample selection, is an acronym that stands for Equal Probability of Selection Method.

11) Standard random clusters (SRCs) rely on knowledge of the distribution or proportion of population characteristics to choose a sample that assures representativeness of these characteristics.

12) Proportionate stratified sampling involves oversampling—taking a larger-than-proportionate number of certain groups to assure the appearance of a sufficient number of cases for comparative purposes of a group that is small in the population.

13) Disproportionate stratified samples have subjects which are chosen in roughly the same ratio as exists in the population.

14) Cluster sampling is generally used in surveys that involve field interviews and is most useful in studies that involve widely dispersed subjects.

15) Multistage sampling involves combinations of stratified, cluster, simple random samples, and/or other sampling procedures.

16) Quota samples are nonprobability stratified samples.

17) Purposive samples are the favorite person on the street interviews where the "researcher" makes little attempt to ensure representativeness of the sample.

18) Accidental samples represent the selection of an appropriate sample based on the researcher's skill, judgment, and needs.

19) Focus groups involve bringing together a group of purposely selected volunteers in order to measure reactions to or attitudes concerning products, candidates, defendants, and the like.

20) Moot trials are simulated trials which attempt to reenact all of the features of an actual trial.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

21) ________ consists of murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.

22) ________ consists of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.

23) The ________ is the number of crimes divided by population, per 100,000 population.

24) The ________ represents only a portion of the crime in a community. It is also affected by better policing and better recording of crime and better reporting of crime.

25) The decline in recorded crime in the 1980s known as 'crime dip' is believed to have been caused primarily by ________ change.

26) The major change in the new UCR program was its conversion to a(n) ________, which involves a unit-record reporting system in which each local law enforcement agency reports on each individual crime incident and on each individual arrest.

27) The initial step in selecting a sample is to develop a(n) ________ frame, a complete list of the population (or universe) that one is interested in studying.

28) ________ are samples in which each element of the population (or universe) has an equal probability of being selected.

29) EPSEM, a means of sample selection, is an acronym that stands for ________.

30) ________ rely on knowledge of the distribution or proportion of population characteristics to choose a sample that assures representativeness of these characteristics.

31) ________ involves oversampling–taking a larger-than-proportionate number of certain groups to assure the appearance of a sufficient number of cases for comparative purposes of a group that is small in the population.

32) ________ are purposively selected groups brought together in order to measure their reaction to some stimuli.

33) ________ are simulated trials which attempt to reenact all of the features of an actual trial.

34) ________ refers to attempts to construct typical characteristics of certain types of criminals.

35) ________ is a type of strategy employed particularly in exploratory studies of little-known or hard-to-obtain subjects

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

36) Discuss the Uniform Crime Report as a measure of crime in the United States.

37) Define sampling and discuss the various probability samples.

38) Explain the concept and types of nonprobability sampling.

39) Discuss sample size and how a sample size is determined.

40) Discuss the key differences between the UCR and the NIBRS.