Question : MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS   Double-starred items appear as Review Questions in the : 1991633

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

 

Double-starred items appear as Review Questions in the chapter

1.  Data collection that involves every member of the population of interest is called a

a.  sampling frame.

b.  survey.

c.  census.

d.  targeted survey.

2.  Psychologists typically do not use a census in their research because

a.  a census often leads to telescoping of responses.

b.  census responses often result in nondifferentiation.

c.  respondent-driven sampling leads to better generalization.

d.  a census is generally too costly.

3.  Survey researchers choose to use samples from a population rather than conducting a census because

a.  with large populations, you don’t need to survey everybody in order to get a good depiction of what the population is like.

b.  it is impossible to get every member of any population.

c.  surveying a population typically leads to greater levels of response bias.

d.  respondents in a population are more likely to engage in optimizing than respondents in a sample.

4.  If a researcher wanted to survey a population that had 100 million people, a good strategy for finding out about the population would be to

a.  reduce the size of the population to a realistic number and conduct a census.

b.  survey no more than about 1,500 people to get a good picture of the population.

c.  create several small surveys for use with the population instead of one large survey.

d.  create open-ended questions for more diversity of responses from the population.

5. If researchers want to be able to contact people in a sampling frame who have not yet responded to a survey, participation by the potential respondent will not be

a. anonymous.

b. confidential.

c. chronically accessible.

d. self-selected.

6. Lavender and Anderson (2009) discovered that when survey respondents completed surveys about eating disorders, the respondents

a. were reluctant to provide any information if their data were not confidential

b. reported a higher incidence of problems when they were confident that responses were confidential.

c. responded in similar ways to questions involving desirable and undesirable behaviors.

d. were not especially interested in whether their data were confidential or not.

7.  The subset of people from a population who could be included in a survey is known as the

a.  census.

b.  sampling frame.

c.  target sample.

d.  self-selected sample.

8.  Researchers have greatest confidence in being able to generalize the results of research based on

a.  sampling frames.

b.  surveys.

c.  probability samples.

d.  randomly selected questions.

9. Research on cultural tendencies in the way people respond to survey questions has indicated that the wording of questions affects the way people in different cultures answer questions. Specifically, Kim et al. (2009) reported that on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D),

a. Mexican Americans engaged in nondifferentiation in their answers to questions more than African Americans.

b. European Americans reported a greater number of depressive symptoms than either African Americans or Mexican Americans even though European Americans have lower levels of actual depression.

c. Mexican Americans had higher levels of reported symptoms than Black or European Americans simply because of the wording of the questions.

d. European Americans showed greater levels of acquiescence in their responses even though their depression levels were about the same as for Mexican and African Americans.

10. In studying cultural patterns of responses to items on questionnaires, Oyserman et al. (2002) reported that

a. there are consistent patterns of nondifferentiation within cultures that vary across cultures.

b. people in individualistic cultures tend to use the higher, more positive ratings on a scale whereas people from collectivistic cultures tend to use the lower, less positive ratings on a scale.

c. there is little difference in the way people respond to questions as their familiarity with a new culture increases compared to when they are relatively unfamiliar with a new culture.

d. people in cultures high either in collectivism or individualism tend to use more extreme ratings than do people from cultures that are low in either collectivism or individualism.