Question : MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS   1.  Cohen and Gunz (2002) have investigated how : 1991669

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

 

1.  Cohen and Gunz (2002) have investigated how people from different cultures remember events in their lives.  These researchers found that

a.  people from Asia seldom remembered events from their perspective of their own role in the event.

b.  people from Asia remembered events in the first person (“I did this...”) only when they were not the center of attention in the event.

c.  people born in the West almost always remembered events centered around themselves.

d.  the differences in memories for a person’s own role in an event were very small, regardless of whether the person was from Asia or from the West.

2.  The customs, values, and attitudes that can be used to characterize and identify a population refer to

a.  an etic.

b.  an emic.

c.  culture.

d.  relativism.

3.  Psychological culture refers to

a.  the classification of people based on biological factors.

b.  identification with others, often based on ancestry or country of origin.

c.  the identification of behavioral phenomena that can only be understood within the context of the group in which they occur.

d.  the customs, behaviors, and attitudes that can be used to identify and characterize a population.

4.  Physical culture refers to

a.  objects and implements that can be used to identify and characterize a group.

b.  a group that is identified by biological characteristics.

c.  attitudes and values that differentiate one group from another.

d.  the degree to which hypodescent is present in different cultures.

5.  Differentiating populations based on biological characteristics involves the concept of

a.  ethnicity.

b.  race.

c.  physical culture.

d.  psychological culture.

6.  The notion that a person identifies with a particular group of people based on ancestry, religion, or country of origin involves the concept of

a.  ethnicity.

b.  race.

c.  physical culture.

d.  psychological culture.

7.  Researchers have difficulty studying how race and culture affect behavior because

a.  many research participants do not want to identify with specific racial or cultural groups.

b.  people in different groups do not show any consistent differences.

c.  the concepts of race and ethnicity are unclear and often defined differently by different people.

d.  group differences across cultures are more likely to be present than individual differences across differences.

8. According to Markus (2008), consideration of race and ethnicity should include the idea that

a. race is purely biological and ethnicity is cultural.

b. a person’s race affects ethnic identification, but the reverse is not true.

c. social categories are imposed by a dominant group, whereas ethnicity is an affiliation that people choose.

d. racial categories have not changed over time, but ethnic categories have.

9. Many people have noted that in different countries, there seems to be a national character (e.g., these people are friendly, those people are cold, etc.). Research on stereotypes of national personalities has revealed that

a. national-character stereotypes are generally exaggerations of real patterns.

b. positive national stereotypes are typically valid, but negative characteristics are exaggerated.

c. perceptions of national personality types are often valid for Western cultures but not for Eastern cultures.

d. national-character stereotypes have no validity.

10.  When researchers try to study potential differences across racial and ethnic groups, the categories they use

a.  now rely on well specified biological and genetic differences.

b.  generally overlap with religious categories, making comparisons difficult.

c.  are unchanging for a single individual over that person’s lifespan.

d.  often rely on governmental rather than scientific criteria.