Question :
51. The cause of anxiety, according to Carl Rogers, lies : 1993235
51. The cause of anxiety, according to Carl Rogers, lies in
a. the inability of ego defense mechanisms to repress unconscious conflicts.
b. social reinforcements of anxiety-related behaviors.
c. realistic fears regarding the world and local crises.
d. a conflict between a desire for a positive self-image and criticism by self and others.
e. chemical and structural features of the brain.
52. The focus of cognitive therapy is on
a. concept formation.
b. assimilation and accommodation.
c. overcoming stereotypes
d. unconscious motives.
e. rational thinking.
53. Therapy that depends on identifying and changing irrational thinking and negative beliefs is ________ therapy.
a. cognitive
b. psychoanalytic
c. behavior
d. client-centered
e. cognitive-behavioral
54. Dr. Stevenson, a therapist, states “I promote rational thinking to alleviate distressing feelings and behaviors.” Dr. Stevenson is probably a ________ therapist.
a. client-centered
b. psychodynamic
Incorrect. If Dr. Stevenson focused on things like the unconscious motives that drive behaviors, then she might be considered a psychodynamic therapist.
c. behavior
d. cognitive
Correct. Dr. Stevenson is focusing on the relationship between one’s cognitions and their psychological experiences.
e. humanistic
55. The focus of cognitive therapies is on
a. our unconscious processes.
b. what we think and how we think.
Correct. Cognitive therapists focus on the thinking patterns that may lead clients down the road of unhappiness and mental disorders.
c. observing the behaviors of others.
d. using medications to solve emotional problems.
Incorrect. This would be a biomedical approach, not a cognitive perspective.
e. self-actualization.
56. The ________ approach to therapy would be appropriate for a person who persistently believes that he/she is a fool, is stupid, and is just plain no good.
a. cognitive
Correct. Cognitive therapists focus on erroneous thinking patterns that may lead clients down the road of unhappiness and mental disorders.
b. behavioral
Incorrect. Behavioral therapists focus on changing specific maladaptive behaviors, not focusing on the thoughts or feelings that underlie those behaviors.
c. sociocultural
d. psychosurgery
e. contingency
57. The ________ approach to therapy would be most useful in aiding a person to change their belief that they are unlikable.
a. biomedical
b. cognitive
Correct. Cognitive therapists focus on erroneous thinking patterns that may lead clients down the road of unhappiness and mental disorders.
c. psychoanalytic
d. contingency management
Incorrect. This is a behavioral technique that addresses the rewards and punishers that result from specific behaviors.
e. aversion
58. Aaron Beck is known for developing a(n) ________ therapy for the treatment of ________.
a. humanistic; schizophrenia.
b. cognitive; depression.
c. medical; phobias.
d. biological; addictions.
e. aversive; autism
59. The cause of depression according to Aaron Beck is that depressed patients
a. suffer from an imbalance of serotonin in their brains.
Incorrect. This is a biological explanation for depression, while Beck was a cognitivist.
b. are reinforced for their depressed behaviors.
c. have low self-efficacy.
d. use self-deprecating statements.
Correct. This is at the heart of Beck’s cognitive therapy, which has been found to be very effective in the treatment of depression.
e. have had many childhood traumas.
60. A ________ therapist wants to challenge the patient’s unrealistic, unjustified assumptions and to discuss alternative solutions.
a. psychodynamic
b. cognitive
Correct. Cognitive therapists focus on the thinking patterns that may lead clients down the road of unhappiness and mental disorders.
c. humanistic
d. psychoanalytic
Incorrect. Psychoanalytic therapists focus on discovering conflicts that exist in an individual’s unconscious that may be leading to psychiatric symptoms.
e. systematic
