Question :
41.Political participation in nation-states has taken the form of:
a.direct participation : 1402806
41.Political participation in nation-states has taken the form of:
a.direct participation by citizens
b.representation by the landed gentry
c.representatives elected by the citizenry
d.the appointment of office holders by a highly centralized government
42.T. H. Marshall refers to freedom of speech and the right to own property as:
a.civil rights
b.personal rights
c.political rights
d.social rights
43.T. H. Marshall refers to the right to vote and the right of access to public office as:
a.civil rights
b.personal rights
c.political rights
d.social rights
44.Which of the following terms is used by T. H. Marshall to refer to rights that deal with economic welfare and the right to share in the social heritage of a society?
a.civil rights
b.personal rights
c.political rights
d.social rights
45.During the Great Depression upper- and middle-class Americans looked favorably upon the welfare measures suggested by Democrats because they saw them as:
a.a way of easing the plight of the poor without altering the structure of capitalism
b.a way of increasing class consciousness among workers
c.a way of preventing the United States' entry into World War II
d.extremely humanitarian
46.According to Seymour Martin Lipset, the central problem of modern politics is finding ways to:
a.encourage more people to participate in the political process
b.maintain social cohesion and legitimacy in the face of conflict
c.redistribute wealth on a more equitable basis
d.reduce class conflict
47.A leader who uses personal charisma and political symbols to manipulate public opinion is a:
a.demagogue
b.dictator
c.martinet
d.tyrant
48.General Lasalla, the president of a small third-world nation, came to power as the result of a revolution. When he first took control, he enjoyed considerable popularity and had a large following. Recently, however, he has had to resort to manipulating public opinion through the mass media. Sociologists would classify him as a:
a.demagogue
b.dictator
c.martinet
d.tyrant
49.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of demagogues?
a.They appeal to people's fears.
b.They have personal charisma.
c.They rely on the electoral process to maintain their position.
d.They use the media to manipulate public opinion.
50.An organization of people who join together to gain legitimate control of state authority is:
a.an interest group
b.an oligarchy
c.a political-action committee
d.a political party
