Question : 31) Of the many arguments in favor of tariffs, the : 1407644

 

31) Of the many arguments in favor of tariffs, the one that has enjoyed significant economic justification has been the

A) cheap foreign labor argument.

B) infant industry argument.

C) even playing field argument.

D) balance of payments argument.

E) domestic living standard argument.

32) As globalization tends to increase the proportion of imported inputs relative to domestically supplied components

A) the nominal tariff automatically increases.

B) the rate of (effective) protection automatically decreases.

C) the nominal tariff automatically decreases.

D) the rate of (effective) protection automatically increases.

E) the amount of tariffs levied increases.

33) In an inflationary environment, then over time

A) a specific tariff will tend to raise more revenue than an ad valorem tariff.

B) an ad valorem tariff will tend to raise more revenue than a specific tariff.

C) an optimum tariff will tend to raise more revenue than an escalating tariff.

D) a tariff quota will tend to raise more revenue than a specific tariff.

E) an import quota would raise more revenue than a specific tariff.

34) Some argue that tariffs always hurt the imposing country's economic welfare, and are typically designed to shift resources from one sector to another, protected or preferred one, within an economy. Find and discuss a counter example to this argument.

35) The effective rate of protection is a weighted average of nominal tariffs and tariffs on imported inputs. It has been noted that in most industrialized countries, the nominal tariffs on raw materials or intermediate components or products are lower than on final-stage products meant for final markets. Why would countries design their tariff structures in this manner? Who tends to be helped, and who is harmed by this cascading tariff structure?