Test Bank For General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Structures of Life, 6th Edition

Chapter 2 Chemistry and Measurements 2.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The metric base unit for length is the A) meter. B) inch. C) millimeter. D) kilometer. E) foot. Answer: A Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 2) The metric unit for volume is the A) meter. B) quart. C) liter. D) pint. E) centimeter. Answer: C Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 3) Which of the following is the basic unit of mass in the SI? A) pound B) kilogram C) milligram D) microgram E) gram Answer: B Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 4) Which of the following is a measurement of mass in the metric system? A) milliliter B) centimeter C) kilogram D) Celsius E) meter Answer: C Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 1 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) Which of the following is a measurement of temperature in the metric system? A) oz B) lb C) Celsius D) kilogram E) meter Answer: C Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 6) A value of 25 °C is a measurement of A) distance. B) volume. C) temperature. D) mass. E) density. Answer: C Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 7) A value of 36 mL is a measure of A) density. B) mass. C) temperature. D) volume. E) distance. Answer: D Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 8) A value of 345 cm is a measure of A) density. B) mass. C) temperature. D) volume. E) distance. Answer: E Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 9) The amount of space occupied by a substance is its A) mass. B) density. C) weight. D) length. E) volume. Answer: E Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 2 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 10) The measurement of the gravitational pull on an object is its A) volume. B) weight. C) mass. D) length. E) size. Answer: B Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 11) Significant figures are important because they indicate A) the accuracy of a measurement. B) the number of digits on a calculator. C) the number of measurements. D) the precision of a measurement. E) the accuracy of the conversion factor. Answer: D Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 12) Which of the following measurements has three significant figures? A) 0.005 m B) 510 m C) 0.510 m D) 0.051 m E) 5100 m Answer: C Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 13) Which of the following measured numbers contains the designated CORRECT number of significant figures? A) 0.04300 5 significant figures B) 0.00302 2 significant figures C) 156 000 3 significant figures D) 1.04 2 significant figures E) 3.0650 4 significant figures Answer: C Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 3 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 14) The number of significant figures in the measurement of 45.030 mm is A) none. B) three. C) four. D) five. E) six. Answer: D Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 15) How many significant figures are in the measured number 0.00208 m? A) six B) two C) three D) four E) five Answer: C Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 16) Which of the following examples illustrates a number that is correctly rounded to three significant figures? A) 4.05438 grams to 4.054 grams B) 0.03954 grams to 0.040 grams C) 103.692 grams to 103.7 grams D) 109,526 grams to 109 500 grams E) 20.0332 grams to 20.0 grams Answer: E Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 17) A calculator answer of 423.6059 must be rounded off to three significant figures. What answer is reported? A) 423 B) 424 C) 420 D) 423.6 E) 423.7 Answer: B Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 4 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 18) Which of the answers for the following conversions contains the correct number of significant figures? A) 2.543 m × B) 2 L × = 100.1942 in = 2.12 qt C) 24.95 min × D) 12.0 ft × E) 24.0 kg × = 0.4158 hr × = 370 cm = 11 lb Answer: C Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 19) What is the correct answer for the calculation of a volume (in mL) with measured numbers ? A) 0.22 mL B) 0.223 mL C) 57 mL D) 14 mL E) 14.3 mL Answer: A Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 20) A researcher added three samples of sodium chloride solution; the volumes were: 0.351 mL, 0.350 mL and 0.349 mL. The total volume should be reported as A) 1.05 mL. B) 1.0 mL. C) 11 mL. D) 1.050 mL. E) 1.0500 mL. Answer: D Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO9 21) When 2610 + 11.7 + 0.22 are added, the answer to the correct number of decimal places is A) 2621.92. B) 2621.9. C) 2621. D) 2620. E) 2600. Answer: D Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 5 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 22) What is the answer, with the correct number of decimal places, for this problem? 4.392 g + 102.40 g + 2.51 g = A) 109.302 g B) 109 g C) 109.3 g D) 109.30 g E) 110 g Answer: D Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 23) The correct answer for the addition of 7.5 g + 2.26 g + 1.311 g + 2 g is A) 13.071 g. B) 13 g. C) 13.0 g. D) 10 g. E) 13.1 g. Answer: B Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 24) What is the correct answer for the calculation ? A) 0.65645 B) 0.656 C) 0.66 D) 1.52 E) 1.5 Answer: C Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 25) 5.21 cm is the same distance as A) 0.0521 m. B) 52.1 dm. C) 5.21 mm. D) 0.00521 km. E) 5210 m. Answer: A Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 6 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 26) Which of the following measurements are NOT equivalent? A) 25 mg = 0.025 g B) 183 L = 0.183 kL C) 150. ms = 0.150 s D) 84 cm = 8.4 mm E) 24 dL = 2.4 L Answer: D Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 27) In which of the following is the metric unit paired with its correct abbreviation? A) microgram / mg B) milliliter / mL C) centimeter / km D) kilogram / cg E) gram / gm Answer: B Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 28) Which of the following is the largest unit? A) millimeter B) micrometer C) meter D) decimeter E) kilometer Answer: E Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 29) What is the metric relationship between grams and micrograms? A) 1 g = 100 μg B) 1 g = 1 000 000 μg C) 1 g = 0.000 001 μg D) 1 g = 1000 μg E) 1 g = 0.001 μg Answer: B Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 30) Which of the following is the smallest unit? A) gram B) milligram C) kilogram D) decigram E) microgram Answer: E Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 7 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 31) The cubic centimeter (cm3 or cc) has the same volume as a A) cubic inch. B) cubic liter. C) milliliter. D) centimeter. E) cubic decimeter. Answer: C Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 32) 9.31 g is the same mass as A) 931 μg. B) 931 kg. C) 93.1 cg. D) 9310 mg. E) 0.0931 dg. Answer: D Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 33) What is the conversion factor for the relationship between millimeters and centimeters? A) 1 mm/1 cm B) 10 mm/1 cm C) 1 cm/1 mm D) 100 mm/1 cm E) 10 cm/1 mm Answer: B Objective: 2.5 Global Outcomes: GO2 34) A conversion factor set up correctly to convert 15 inches to centimeters is A) 100 cm/1 m. B) 1 inch/2.54 cm. C) 1 cm/10 mm. D) 2.54 cm/1 inch. E) 10 cm/1 inch. Answer: D Objective: 2.5 Global Outcomes: GO2 8 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 35) Which of the following conversion factors is a measured number? A) 10 cm/dm B) 12 in/ft C) 16 oz/lb D) 25 miles/gallon E) 12 eggs/dozen Answer: D Objective: 2.5 Global Outcomes: GO2 36) According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, the recommended daily requirement of protein is 44 g. This is ________ oz of protein. A) 1248.5 B) 320 000 C) 1.6 D) 0.0605 E) 150 000 Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 37) Which of the following setups would convert centimeters to feet? A) cm × × B) cm × × C) cm × × D) cm × × E) cm × × Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO2 38) The EPA limit for lead in the soil of play areas is 400 ppm. This is the same as A) 400 mg lead in each gram of soil. B) 400 g lead in each kilogram of soil. C) 400 mg lead in each kilogram of soil. D) 400 µg lead in each kilogram of soil. E) 400 µg lead in each milligram of soil. Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO2 9 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 39) How many pounds are in 3.5 kg? A) 7.7 lb B) 1.59 lb C) 0.629 lb D) 1.6 lb E) 7.70 lb Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 40) How many centimeters are there in 57.0 in.? A) 22 cm B) 0.0445 cm C) 145 cm D) 22.4 cm E) 140 cm Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 41) How many kilograms are in 30.4 lb? A) 13.8 kg B) 14 kg C) 67 kg D) 66.88 kg E) 66.9 kg Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 42) How many liters of soft drink are there in 5.25 qt? A) 4950 L B) 55.7 L C) 4.95 L D) 5.57 L E) 5.0 L Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 43) What is 6.5 m converted to inches? A) 1700 in B) 1651 in C) 39 in D) 260 in E) 255.9 in Answer: D Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 10 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 44) 1.00 pint of milk has a volume of how many milliliters? (2 pints = 1 quart) A) 472 mL B) 530. mL C) 1000 mL D) 1890 mL E) 106 mL Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 45) What is the volume of a cube that measures 4.00 cm on each side? A) 16.0 mL B) 64.0 L C) 64.0 mL D) 64.00 mL E) 0.640 L Answer: C Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 46) Grapes are $1.49 per pound. What is the cost of 1.20 kg of grapes? A) $3.93 B) $2.73 C) $1.79 D) $0.81 E) $0.56 Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 47) A driver is traveling at 60 km/h. Is the driver speeding if the speed limit is 45 mph? A) Yes B) No Answer: B Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 48) How many kilograms are in 30.4 lb? A) 13.8 kg B) 14 kg C) 67 kg D) 66.88 kg E) 66.9 kg Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 11 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 49) A dose of aspirin of 5.0 mg per kilogram of body weight has been prescribed to reduce the fever of an infant weighing 8.5 pounds. The number of milligrams of aspirin that should be administered is A) 19 mg. B) 53 mg. C) 1.6 mg. D) 5.0 mg. E) 0.59 mg. Answer: A Objective: 2.6 Global Outcomes: GO4 50) A doctor’s order is 0.125 g of ampicillin. The liquid suspension on hand contains 250 mg/5.0 mL. How many milliliters of the suspension are required? A) 0.0025 mL B) 3.0 mL C) 2.5 mL D) 6.3 mL E) 0.0063 mL Answer: C Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 51) A nugget of gold with a mass of 521 g is added to 50.0 mL of water. The water level rises to a volume of 77.0 mL. What is the density of the gold? A) 10.4 g/mL B) 6.77 g/mL C) 1.00 g/mL D) 0.0518 g/mL E) 19.3 g/mL Answer: E Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 52) Which one of the following substances will float in gasoline, which has a density of 0.66 g/mL? A) table salt (density = 2.16 g/mL) B) balsa wood (density = 0.16 g/mL) C) sugar (density = 1.59 g/mL) D) aluminum (density = 2.70 g/mL) E) mercury (density = 13.6 g/mL) Answer: B Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 12 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 53) What is the mass of 2.00 L of an intravenous glucose solution with a density of 1.15 g/mL? A) 0.023 kg B) 2.30 kg C) 1.15 kg D) 0.015 kg E) 0.58 kg Answer: B Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 54) Mercury has a specific gravity of 13.6. How many milliliters of mercury have a mass of 0.35 kg? A) 0.0257 mL B) 0.026 mL C) 25.7 mL D) 26 mL E) 4760 mL Answer: D Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 55) What is the density of a substance with a mass of 45.00 g and a volume of 26.4 mL? A) 1.70 g/mL B) 1.7 g/mL C) 0.59 g/mL D) 0.587 g/mL E) 45.0 g/mL Answer: A Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 56) A liquid has a volume of 34.6 mL and a mass of 46.0 g. What is the density of the liquid? A) 1.00 g/mL B) 1.33 g/mL C) 0.752 g/mL D) 1330 g/mL E) 0.663 g/mL Answer: B Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 57) What is the mass of 53 mL of ethanol, which has a density of 0.79 g/mL? A) 67.1 g B) 41.9 g C) 42 g D) 67 g E) 53 g Answer: C Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 13 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 58) The density of a solution is 0.847 g/mL. Its specific gravity is A) 11.8. B) 0.118. C) 0.847. D) 1.18. E) 1.2. Answer: C Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 59) The specific gravity of a solution is 1.18. Its density is A) 11.8 g/mL. B) 0.118 g/mL. C) 0.847 g/mL. D) 1.18 g/mL. E) 1.2 g/mL. Answer: D Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO2 60) Diamond has a density of 3.52 g/mL. What is the volume in cubic centimeters of a diamond with a mass of 15.1 g? A) 4.3 cm3 B) 4.29 cm3 C) 0.233 cm3 D) 53 cm3 E) 53.2 cm3 Answer: B Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 61) The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume is its A) specific gravity. B) density. C) buoyancy. D) weight. E) conversion factor. Answer: B Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO2 14 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 62) Which of the following is often used to determine an individual’s percentage of body fat? A) temperature B) height C) weight loss D) weight gain E) density Answer: E Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO2 63) A 50.0 mL urine sample has a mass of 50.7 g. The specific gravity of the urine is A) 1.014 g/mL. B) 0.986 g/L. C) 1.01. D) 0.986. E) 50.7. Answer: C Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO4 2.2 Short Answer Questions Round off each of the following to three significant figures. 1) 504.85 Answer: 505 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 2) 8.3158 Answer: 8.32 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 3) 25 225 Answer: 25 200 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 4) 58.5422 Answer: 58.5 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 15 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) 6.3477 × 104 Answer: 6.35 × 104 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 6) 399870 Answer: 4.00 × 105 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 7) 0.003 408 8 Answer: 0.003 41 Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 State the number of significant figures in each of the following measurements. 8) 0.008 090 cm Answer: 4 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 9) 680 000 km Answer: 2 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 10) 28.050 km Answer: 5 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 11) 0.0005 L Answer: 1 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 12) 75.00 m Answer: 4 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 13) 2.043 × 104 mm Answer: 4 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 16 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 14) 6.1 × 10-5 mL Answer: 2 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO3 15) 9.00 × 106 g Answer: 3 Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 2.3 True/False Questions 1) The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the pound. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 2) The liter is a unit of volume in the metric system. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 3) The number 0.0500 has four significant figures. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 4) The number 650 000 has two significant figures. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO4 5) When the measured number 0.0090 is multiplied by the measured number 87.10, the answer has two significant figures. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 6) When the measured number 675 is added to the measured number 87.10, the answer should be rounded to the ones place. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.3 Global Outcomes: GO4 7) A μg is larger than a mg. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 17 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 8) There are 1000 μg in a mg. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 9) A cubic centimeter is a unit of length. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 10) 1 kilogram is the same as 1000 mg. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 11) 1 milliliter is the same as 1000 L. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 12) The density of water is 1 kg/mL. Answer: FALSE Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO2 13) Specific gravity has no units. Answer: TRUE Objective: 2.7 Global Outcomes: GO2 18 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 2.4 Matching Questions Are the numbers in each of the following statements measured or exact? A) measured B) exact 1) In the U.S. system there are 5280 feet in one mile. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 2) The patient’s blood sugar level is 350 mg/dL. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 3) There are 452 pages in a book. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 4) The rabbit weighs 2.5 pounds. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 5) There are 100 capsules in the bottle. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 6) I lost 14 pounds on my diet last month. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 7) 1 liter is equal to 1.06 quarts. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 8) The patient’s temperature is 100.1 °F. Objective: 2.2 Global Outcomes: GO2 Answers: 1) B 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) B 6) A 7) A 8) A 19 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. Match the type of measurement to the unit given below. A) volume B) mass C) temperature D) distance E) density 9) milliliter Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 10) mm Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 11) gram Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 12) 125 K Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 13) kilometer Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 14) milligram Objective: 2.1 Global Outcomes: GO2 Answers: 9) A 10) D 11) B 12) C 13) D 14) B 20 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. Select the correct prefix to complete the equality. A) 1 × 1012 B) 1000 C) 1 D) 0.1 E) 0.01 F) 0.001 G) 1 × 10-12 H) 10 I) 100 15) 1 g = ________ kg Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 16) 1 m = ________ mm Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 17) 1 cm = ________ mm Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 18) 1 dL = ________ mL Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 19) 1 kg = ________ g Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 20) 1 pg = ________ g Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 21) 1 g = ________ pg Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 22) 1 mL = ________ cc Objective: 2.4 Global Outcomes: GO2 Answers: 15) F 16) B 17) H 18) I 19) B 20) G 21) A 22) C 21 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.