Test Bank for Fundamentals of Early Childhood Education, 9th Edition

CHAPTER 2 Early Childhood Education Today: Understanding and Responding to Current Issues Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Items: Choose the single best answer to each question. 1. Mrs. Hernandez is learning about her students before the new school year begins. She learns that Amelia’s parents both have high school diplomas, her mother works parttime at a retail store and her father owns a plumbing company. What missing piece of information does the teacher need to learn about in order to fully understand Amelia’s family’s socioeconomic status (SES)? A. family income B. insurance coverage C. marital status D. number of children in the family 2. Amanda and Toni chose not to get married but are living together as life partners. They are raising Toni’s two children from a previous marriage. This scenario is a description of how families are changing in: A. roles. B. definitions. C. logistics. D. structure. 3. Teachers can reduce the effects of asthma in the classroom by doing which of the following? A. Carpet the classroom. B. Use fragrant air fresheners daily. C. Wipe down all classroom surfaces daily. D. Expose children to allergens. 4. Sally, the director of KIDS Preschool, allows her teachers to purchase some of the supplies they use in the classroom. However, before she gives her approval she warns the teachers that toys, furniture, and products manufactured overseas may contain ________ and need to be checked before use by children. A. mercury B. ammonia C. hydroxy acids D. lead 5. Mrs. Cortez watches her kindergarteners carefully to prevent bullying in the classroom. She is worried when she learns that Adan has been pushing another child around on the playground and calling him names. She: A. puts Adan in time out. B. keeps the children in from recess. C. discusses the event with Adan privately. D. tells the principal to expel Adan. 6. Mr. Nasse provided appropriate strategies to support the infusion of cultural awareness and diversity into his 3rd grade classroom by: A. correcting all non-standard English responses to catch problems early. B. incorporating stereotypical “boy” or “girl” stories. C. including multicultural literature that embraces children’s similarities. D. expecting children to only use English in the classroom. 7. Henry is a teacher in the four-year-old classroom at Evergreen Preschool. He has suspicions that one of the students in his class is being abuse at home. This suspicion requires him to make a report because: A. the child has autism-spectrum disorder. B. he is a mandated reporter. C. it could lead to classroom bullying. D. he is in Title I candidate. 8. Stacey was not allowed in the science club in 2nd grade because she did not have an “A” in science. This is an example of: A. gender achievement gap. B. diversity. C. multicultural awareness. D. boys hating girls. 9. Children in Ms. Grey’s 1st grade class are very supportive of Howard, who has Down’s Syndrome, and help him with his work and to feel a part of the class. This is an example of: A. infusion. B. differentiation. C. plasticity. D. inclusion. 10. Each summer Shanicia and her friends are invited to attend Summer Engineering Experience for Kids’ program, (SEEK). This program offers girls from the African American community to: A. give them time away from home. B. allow parents free babysitting. C. discover firsthand how engineering and technology relate to the world around them. D. make a difference in their lives. 11. Amanda will be teaching in a classroom next year where there will be 2 children with special needs. In addition to the guidelines for teaching children with special needs set by NAEYC, she should also consult guidelines from: A. Division of Early Childhood and the Council for Exceptional Children. B. Every Student Succeeds Act. C. Public Law 93-247. D. Children with Disabilities Council and Inclusion Council. 12. Even though Darren and his brother are raised in a low-income neighborhood with gang violence all around them they are still able to exceed the learning expectations in school due to the ________ of their brains. A. plasticity B. bigness C. fluidness D. complexity 13. Hiba kept complaining that she didn’t want to eat the apple because it made her teeth hurt. It is likely that she has: A. Scabies. B. Influenza. C. dental caries. D. eczema. 14. Parker likes to play with his mother’s phone on video games. One day a friend texted him on the phone and said that he was a “sissy” with all of his sisters and didn’t know what a real boy would do. This is an example of: A. cyber bullying. B. nonsense. C. boys being boys. D. just a prank. 15. Longview elementary school uses the “Stop, Walk, Talk” method to prevent bullying. In this method, children are taught to do the following when confronted by a bully. A. Run away to the nearest teacher and tell him/her to get adult support. B. Walk in groups, talk to each other, and shout out a warning signal if bullying occurs. C. Verbally stand up for themselves, walk away-but do not run as it might intensify the bullying-and to tell a teacher. D. Talk calmly to the bully using short phrases, walk away and if necessary run to safety, and write an incident report. 16. When Ms. Martino pairs up English Learners with children in the 2 nd grade classroom to work on the science project she is using the instructional strategy of: A. inclusion. B. initiation. C. differentiation. D. cooperative learning. 17. Ms. Dahlia has three students in her kindergarten class who are English Learners (ELs). She knows that to support EL students in the classroom she should: A. provide stickers or treats for good behavior. B. make sure they are seated close to the other Els. C. utilize cooperative learning groups. D. make sure they only speak English while in school. Chapter 2 Short Answer Items: Answer each question concisely. 18. Mr. and Mrs. Mohammad are very distressed to hear that the recess time in their son’s school has been shortened to 15 minutes. What are three reasons they can present at the school board meeting to increase recess to 30 minutes each day? 19. Miss Stephens watches Sophia become increasingly withdrawn in the classroom. What are steps she might take to govern her response to a child who she suspects of being abused or neglected? Which steps do you feel are most important and why? 20. Children of the Gaps are needing more help to be successful in school. Share four ideas of ways that teachers can help the children. Chapter 2 Answers: 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. Children need more recess to avoid obesity and all of the health problems that are a part of that challenge. Children in early childhood ages of 3 to 10 need exercise to get out the wiggles and prepare for more mental learning. Outdoor play, nature walks, and dancing are some ways to get children active. 19. Guidelines include remaining calm, believing the child, listening without passing judgment, assuring the child it isn’t their fault, make certain the child is safe, and report your suspicions to your principal or program administrator or the child and family services agency. 20. Answers can include: • Create a safe and trusting classroom environment. • Attune yourself to the vast array of needs that children of poverty bring to your classroom. • Develop home libraries so children and families have access to books and other literacy materials. • Advocate for high-quality, universal (available for all children), full-day preschool paid for by tax dollars. • Be attuned to the social class differences that children bring to the classroom. • Educate parents and family members about positive child-rearing and behavioral guidance practices. • Be active in identifying children who are struggling and develop ways to help them. • Encourage parents to send their children to school. • Provide children with social experiences across all social classes. • Know and practice developmentally appropriate practice (DAP).