Test Bank For Elementary Statistics, 3rd Edition

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The following bar graph presents the average amount a certain family spent, in dollars, on various 1) food categories in a recent year. On which food category was the most money spent? A) Fruits and vegetables B) Cereals and baked goods C) Meat poultry, fish, eggs D) Dairy products 2) The following pie chart presents the percentages of fish caught in each of four ratings categories. 2) Match this pie chart with its corresponding bar graph. 1 A) B) C) D) 2 3) The following pie chart presents the percentages of fish caught in each of four ratings categories. 3) Match this pie chart with its corresponding Pareto chart. A) B) 3 C) D) 4) Following is a pie chart that presents the percentages spent by a certain household on its five4) largest annual expenditures. What percentage of the money spent was spent on food, housing, and utilities? A) 50% B) 52.6% C) 61.9% D) 65% 5) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 5) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan Frequency 5 75 4 SUV Truck 70 35 Construct a frequency bar graph for the data. A) B) C) D) 5 6) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 6) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Frequency 15 80 88 34 What is the relative frequency of the Motorcyle category? A) 0.17 B) 15 C) 0.069 D) 15% 7) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 7) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Frequency 7 63 84 30 Construct a relative frequency distribution for the data. A) B) Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Relative Frequency 0.083 0.75 1 0.357 C) Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Relative Frequency 0.038 0.342 0.457 0.163 Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Relative Frequency 0.07 0.63 0.84 0.3 D) Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Relative Frequency 0.038% 0.342% 0.457% 0.163% 8) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 8) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Frequency 9 54 27 6 Truck 53 Construct a relative frequency bar graph for the data. A) B) C) D) 7 9) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 9) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Frequency 7 22 58 67 Construct a relative frequency Pareto chart for the data. A) B) C) 8 D) 10) The following frequency distribution presents the frequency of passenger vehicles that pass 10) through a certain intersection from 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM on a particular day. Vehicle Type Motorcycle Sedan SUV Truck Frequency 12 54 26 64 Construct a pie chart for the data. A) B) C) D) 9 11) Classify the histogram as skewed to the left, skewed to the right, or approximately symmetric. 11) A) skewed to the left B) skewed to the right C) approximately symmetric 12) Classify the histogram as unimodal or bimodal. A) unimodal 12) B) bimodal 13) One hundred students are shown an eight-digit number on a piece of cardboard for three seconds 13) and are asked to then recite the number from memory. The process is repeated until the student accurately recites the entire number from memory. The following histogram presents the number of trials it took each student to memorize the number. How many students memorized the number in three trials or less? A) 2 B) 81 C) 19 10 D) 24 14) The following frequency distribution presents the weights in pounds (lb) of a sample of visitors 14) to a health clinic. Weight (lb) 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 Frequency 2 1 4 4 10 9 4 1 What is the class width? A) 4 B) 3 C) 32 D) 5 15) The following frequency distribution presents the weights in pounds (lb) of a sample of visitors 15) to a health clinic. Construct a frequency histogram. A) 11 B) C) D) 12 16) The following frequency distribution presents the weights in pounds (lb) of a sample of visitors 16) to a health clinic. Construct a relative frequency histogram. A) B) 13 C) D) 17) The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars) of a random sample of gasoline 17) purchases at a convenience store. Construct a frequency distribution using a class width of 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class. 14 A) B) C) D) 18) The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars) of a random sample of gasoline 18) purchases at a convenience store. Construct a relative frequency distribution using a class width of 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class. 15 A) B) C) 16 D) 19) The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars) of a random sample of gasoline 19) purchases at a convenience store. Construct a frequency histogram using a class width of 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class. A) 17 B) C) D) 20) The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars) of a random sample of gasoline 20) purchases at a convenience store. Construct a relative frequency histogram using a class width of 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class. 18 A) B) C) 19 D) the 21) Thirty households were surveyed for the number of televisions in each home. Following are 21) results. Construct a frequency histogram. A) B) 20 C) D) the 22) Thirty households were surveyed for the number of televisions in each home. Following are 22) results. Construct a relative frequency histogram. A) 21 B) C) D) 22 23) A sample of 200 high school students were asked how many hours per week they spend watching 23) television. The following frequency distribution presents the results. Construct a frequency polygon for the frequency distribution. A) B) 23 C) D) 24) A sample of 200 high school students were asked how many hours per week they spend watching 24) television. The following frequency distribution presents the results. Construct a relative frequency polygon for the frequency distribution. 24 A) B) C) D) 25 25) A sample of 200 high school students were asked how many hours per week they spend watching 25) television. The following frequency distribution presents the results. Construct a frequency ogive for the frequency distribution. A) B) 26 C) D) 26) A sample of 200 high school students were asked how many hours per week they spend watching 26) television. The following frequency distribution presents the results. Construct a relative frequency ogive for the frequency distribution. 27 A) B) C) D) 28 27) Construct a stem-and-leaf plot for the following data. A) B) C) D) 29 27) place. 28) Construct a stem-and-leaf plot for the following data, in which the leaf represents the tenths 28) A) B) C) D) 29) Construct a dotplot for the following data. 29) A) 30 B) C) D) 31 30) Construct a dotplot for the following data. 30) A) B) C) D) 31) Following are the numbers of Dean’s List students in a random sample of 20 university courses. Construct a dotplot for these data. 32 31) A) B) C) D) 32) The following table presents the rate of population growth of a suburb of Atlanta, Georgia for 32)each of the years 1990 through 2009. Construct a time-series plot of the growth rate. 33 A) B) C) D) 34 33) The following time-series plot presents the population growth (in percent) of a suburb of 33) Atlanta, Georgia for each of the years 1990 through 2009. Estimate the rate of growth in 1,999. A) 4.6% B) 5.2% C) 4.9% D) 5.5% 34) The following time-series plot presents the population growth (in percent) of a suburb of 34) Atlanta, Georgia for each of the years 1990 through 2009. Estimate the amount by which the rate of growth changed from 1,995 to 2,004. A) about -1.3 percentage points B) about -1.9 percentage points C) about -1.0 percentage points D) about -2.9 percentage points 35) The amounts 3 and 2 are compared. Which of the following graphical displays are the least misleading? A) 35 35) B) C) D) 36) The amounts 5 and 2 are compared. Which of the following graphical displays are the least misleading? A) 36 36) B) C) D) 37 37) The amounts 3 and 4 are compared. Which of the following graphical displays are the least misleading? A) B) C) D) 38 37) 38) Helium prices: The cost of grade A Helium gas in 2003 was around $60/Mcf. Five years 38) later it reached around $115/Mcf. Which of the following graphs accurately represents the magnitude of the increase? Which one exaggerates it? A) B) 2003 2008 39) Gravity on Mars: The gravity on Earth is around 2 ‘s stronger than the gravity on Mars. 3 Which of the following graphics compare the gravity differences more accurately, and why? A) B) SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 40) Chocolate or vanilla: The following bar graph shows the number of chocolate and vanilla ice cream cones sold during the annual county fair for the years 2013 – 2017. Does the graph present an accurate picture of the difference between chocolate and vanilla cones sold? Or is it misleading? Explain. 39 40) 39) 41) Toy sales: The following graph presents the percent market share for the US Toy 41) Retail Sales between brick and mortar toy sales and online sales for the years 2011-2015. Does the graph present an accurate picture of the differences in revenue from these two sources? Or is it misleading? Explain. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 42) Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A ________ is a number that describes a population. A) summary B) statistic C) sample 42) D) parameter 43) Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A _____________ is a number that describes a sample. A) population B) statistic C) measurement 43) D) parameter 44) In a recent poll, 64% of the respondents supported stricter gun laws. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter? A) Statistic 44) B) Parameter 45) In a small town, 84% of the residents, aged 16 or more years old, own a car. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter? A) Statistic 45) B) Parameter 46) Of the televisions offered at an electronics store, 42% cost less than $500.00. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter? A) Statistic 46) B) Parameter 47) In a survey of 1000 teenagers, 23% of them said they use tobacco products. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter? A) Statistic B) Parameter 40 47) 48) Which of the following sample types should you always regard as unreliable? A) simple random samples B) voluntary response samples C) stratified samples D) cluster samples 49) A pollster randomly samples 145 Democrats, 154 Republicans and 19 Independents (all 48) 49) registered voters) in Metro City and asks each poll participant which mayoral candidate he or she prefers. Identify the kind of sample that the pollster is using. A) stratified sample B) sample of convenience C) voluntary response sample D) cluster sample 50) A middle school student passes out leaflets to the adults at a school function. The leaflets 50) ask the recipient to indicate whether they believe in anthropogenic global warming. The bottom of the leaflet indicates that the completed leaflet should be returned to the student. Identify the kind of sample that is being used. A) sample of convenience B) systematic sample C) cluster sample D) stratified sample 51) By visiting homes door-to-door, a municipality surveys all the households in 149 51) randomly-selected neighborhoods to see how residents feel about a proposed property tax increase. Identify the type of sample that is being used. A) systematic sample B) voluntary response sample C) stratified sample D) cluster sample 52) An electronics manufacturer test every 50th cell phone to verify that it is functioning 52) properly. Identify the kind of sample that is being used. A) simple random sample B) systematic sample C) cluster sample D) stratified sample 53) The names of all 126 students in a professor’s class are written on identical slips of 53) paper, and the slips are placed into a large glass jar. Then, the professor selects 14 random slips from the jar. Identify the kind of sample that is being used. A) systematic sample B) simple random sample C) cluster sample D) sample of convenience 54) Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. i). the name of a chemical sample ii). the mass of a chemical sample iii). the color of a chemical sample A) ii only B) i and ii only C) i, ii, and iii 41 54) D) i only 55) Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. i). the length of an object in feet ii). the speed of an object in meters per second iii). the number of objects that are blue A) i and ii only B) iii only C) i only 55) D) i, ii, and iii 56) Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. i). the volume of a shipping container, in gallons ii). the name of the material from which the container is made iii). the shape of the container A) i, ii, and iii B) i and iii only C) ii and iii only 56) D) i and ii only 57) Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. 57) i). the make of the car with license plate number VNS-862 ii). the license plate number VNS-862 iii). the number of vehicles whose license plate number begins with “VNS” A) i and ii only B) iii only neither i, nor ii, nor iii C) D) i only 58) Determine which of the following describes nominal data. 58) i. My favorite days of the week are Friday, Saturday, and Tuesday. ii. My favorite day of the week is Friday, my second-favorite is Saturday, and third-favorite is Tuesday. A) both i and ii B) neither i nor ii C) i only D) ii only 59) Determine which of the following describes nominal data. 59) i. Michaelangelo’s sells small, medium, large, and jumbo pizzas. ii. Michaelangelo’s most-requested toppings are pepperoni, black olives, and mushrooms. A) neither i nor ii B) both i and ii C) i only D) ii only 60) Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. 60) i. In the horse race, Betty’s Girl won, Mr. Ed placed, and Wabash showed. ii. In the horse race, I bet on Betty’s Girl to win, Mr. Ed to place, and Wabash to show. A) i only B) both i and ii C) neither i nor ii D) ii only 61) Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. i. My best friends are Georgia, Amithaba, and Raphael. ii. My favorite numbers are 2, 7 and 13. A) both i and ii B) neither i nor ii C) i only 42 61) D) ii only 62) Which one of the following data are discrete? 62) A) the average preseason ranking of the University of Connecticut’s women’s basketball team over the past 10 years B) the pre-season ranking of Duke University’s men’s basketball team C) the height of the tallest player on Duke University’s men’s basketball team D) the average height of players on the University of Connecticut’s women’s basketball team 63) Which one of the following data are discrete? 63) A) the speed of the boat’s propeller, in revolutions per minute B) the number of crew members on the boat C) the latitude and longitude of the boat’s port of departure D) the latitude and longitude of a boat at sea 64) Which one of the following data are continuous? 64) A) the average height of a sample of trees B) the rankings of the trees, from most numerous to least numerous C) the number of representatives of each species in the park D) the number of species of trees in a park 65) Which one of the following data are continuous? 65) A) the number of musicians performing in the MP3 file B) the time remaining for an MP3 music download C) the number of times the file has been downloaded D) all of these represent continuous data 66) When rolling two six-sided dice, your total roll ranges from 2 (double ones) to 12 66) (double sixes).Characterize the nature of the roll total. A) qualitative and discrete B) qualitative and continuous C) quantitative and continuous D) quantitative and discrete 67) When experimental units are people, they are sometimes called ________________. A) personnel B) subjects C) topics 68) In an experiment, the ______________ is what is measured on each experimental unit. A) subject B) treatment C) category 68) D) outcome 69) Which of the following is the best description of a randomized experiment? A) an experiment in which the treatments are assigned randomly to experimental units B) an experiment in which the investigators are chosen at random C) an experiment in which the outcomes are random D) an experiment in which the experimental units are selected at random 43 67) D) human units 69) 70) In a randomized experiment, if there are large differences in outcomes among the 70) treatment groups, we can conclude that the differences are due to _____________________. A) deliberate data manipulation B) the treatments C) experimental error D) random luck 71) Which of the following is the best description of a double-blind experiment? 71) A) an experiment in which neither the investigators nor the subjects know the others’ names B) an experiment in which both the investigators and the subjects are hidden from the others’ views C) an experiment in which neither the investigators nor the subjects know how the treatments have been assigned D) an experiment in which the subjects are blindfolded so they cannot see which treatment is applied to them 72) In an experiment, subjects are put into two categories according to sex, and then each 72) subject is randomly assigned a treatment . This is an example of… A) randomized blocking B) observational studies C) gender bias D) confounding 73) A(n) _______________ makes it difficult to determine whether an experimental outcome is due to the applied treatment. A) perplexer C) error 73) B) uncooperative subject D) confounder 74) An experiment that tends to overestimate or underestimate the true value is said to be ______________. A) un-randomized C) flagrant 74) B) biased D) randomized 75) People are reluctant to admit to behavior that may reflect negatively on them. This can lead to … A) sampling bias C) social acceptability bias 75) B) voluntary response bias D) hurt feelings 76) The question… 76) “Do you favor a higher standard of living, even though it produces unclean air and water?” … is an example of … A) sampling bias B) random sampling C) leading question bias D) framing 44 77) You ask your friends who they plan to vote for in the next congressional election. Based on their 77) responses, you conclude that the candidate you favor cannot lose! This is most likely an example of … A) sampling bias C) voluntary response bias B) self-interest bias D) randomized sampling 78) A small brew pub sent out questionnaires to a simple random sample of 250 customers 78) asking whether they would like the brewery to include an imperial stout in their regular offerings. Of the 250 questionnaires, 12 were returned and 10 of those were in favor of including the stout. Specify the type of bias involved. A) Voluntary response B) Self-interest Sampling C) D) Nonresponse 79) A sign in a grocery store claims that 92% of their customers believe them to have the 79) freshest produce in the city. Specify the type of bias involved. A) Leading question B) Self-interest Voluntary response C) D) Social acceptability 80) A radio talk show invites people to call in and state whether or not they think that sexual harassment in the work place is a common problem. A) Social acceptability B) Sampling Voluntary response C) D) Self-interest 45 80) Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED1 1) D 2) A 3) A 4) D 5) D 6) C 7) B 8) D 9) D 10) B 11) C 12) A 13) C 14) A 15) D 16) A 17) C 18) A 19) C 20) D 21) C 22) A 23) B 24) C 25) D 26) C 27) D 28) D 29) A 30) D 31) A 32) D 33) D 34) B 35) D 36) A 37) B 38) B 39) A 40) Misleading 41) Accurate 42) D 43) B 44) A 45) B 46) B 47) A 48) B 49) A 46 Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED1 50) A 51) D 52) B 53) B 54) A 55) D 56) C 57) A 58) C 59) D 60) B 61) B 62) B 63) B 64) A 65) B 66) D 67) B 68) D 69) A 70) B 71) C 72) A 73) D 74) B 75) C 76) C 77) A 78) D 79) B 80) C 47