Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context 7th Edition Test Bank

Human Geography, Cdn. 4e (Knox, et al.) Chapter 2 The Changing Global Context 1) The modern world-system A) does not include the world’s poorer states. B) is characterized by interdependence. C) is characterized by five types of regions. D) has been dominated by the periphery since the early 1900s. E) does not really exist according to historian Immanuel Wallerstein. Answer: B Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 54 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 2) The modern world-system began in A) Roman times. B) the latter years of Charlemagne’s reign in central Europe. C) the late fifteenth century. D) the late seventeenth century. E) the early eighteenth century. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 54 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Recall 3) The core regions of the modern world-system A) dominate world trade. B) are primarily in the southern hemisphere. C) tend to have low per-capita incomes. D) became core regions by refusing to engage in colonialism. E) include many former colonies. Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 55 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 4) Which of the following is the most suitable map projection to emphasize the geographic centrality and proximity of the world’s core regions? A) Mercator B) Globe C) Dymaxion D) World Systems E) Mollweide Answer: C Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 56 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 1 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 5) Which of the following was one of the core regions in the world-system? A) Spain B) the Middle East C) the Mediterranean D) Greece E) Holland Answer: E Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 55 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Recall 6) Semiperipheral regions A) currently include Japan and Scandinavia. B) often exploit peripheral regions. C) will eventually evolve to become core regions. D) are geographically located between core regions and peripheral regions. E) regroup mostly states which have small areas. Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 55 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 7) These refer to societies with a single cultural base and a reciprocal social economy. A) world systems B) global systems C) mini systems D) functional systems E) formal systems Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 58 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Recall 8) Dividing the world according to the world-system model is an example of using a(n) ________ concept of space. A) relative B) absolute C) formal D) functional E) cognitive Answer: A Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 58 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 2 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 9) The transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculturally based systems A) resulted in a dispersal of population. B) led to societies based on equality. C) was necessary for the formation of the first world-empires. D) made social relations less complex. E) was in part a result of early urbanization. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 58 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 10) The legacy of a hydraulic society can best be seen in the terraced landscapes of the following place: A) Paris, France B) Tenochtitlan, Mexico C) Rome, Italy D) East Java, Indonesia E) Pueblo, Mexico Answer: D Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 60 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 11) The most important reason for colonization by early world-empires was A) the need to increase productivity. B) the desire to spread religion. C) the greed of power-hungry rulers. D) to keep the military involved in suppressing revolts in the colonies rather than causing revolution at home. E) population pressures in the home country. Answer: A Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 60 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 12) Which of the following was a regrouping of northern European city-states? A) the Baltic Alliance B) the Northern League C) the Hanseatic League D) the Antwerp Associates E) the Scandinavian Alliance Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 62 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Recall 3 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 13) Which among the following European peoples were probably the first to exploit Canada’s natural resources on a regular basis? A) Viking hunters B) Basque whalers C) French fur traders D) Irish fishermen E) English iron prospectors Answer: B Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 65 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 14) The decision to copy goods previously available only by trading is known as A) export reproduction. B) import substitution. C) patent purchase. D) product cloning. E) economic imperialism. Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 63 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 15) This territory was granted to the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1670. A) the Yukon B) Newfoundland C) Labrador D) Rupert’s Land E) Ungava Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 66 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 16) The North West Company had its centre of operations in A) Montreal. B) Winnipeg. C) Moose Factory. D) London, England. E) Ottawa. Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 67 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 4 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 17) Periods of international power established by individual states through economic, political and military competition are called A) Kondratieff waves. B) Rostow cycles. C) hegemonic cycles. D) leadership cycles. E) imperial eras. Answer: D Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 68 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 18) The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 gave the following country control over what were the most accessible parts of the New World: A) Portugal B) Spain C) France D) Britain E) Holland Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 69 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 19) Which of the following is the proper time order of world-system hegemons? A) British, Dutch, Portuguese B) Dutch, British, Portuguese C) Portuguese, Dutch, British D) Dutch, Portuguese, British E) Spanish, British, United States Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 69 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 20) The third wave of industrialization A) was characterized by a core-within-a-core that stretched from London to Berlin. B) excluded Scandinavia and the Mediterranean states. C) saw the first introduction of steam power. D) began after World War I. E) was halted by the Great Depression of the 1930s. Answer: A Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 70 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 5 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 21) The United States became a part of the world-system core in the A) late 1700s. B) early 1800s. C) late 1800s. D) early 1900s. E) aftermath of World War II. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 22) This regional age can be traced to Portugal’s Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460). A) European Age of Enlightenment B) European Age of Discovery C) European Age of Science D) European Age of Navigation E) European Age of Religion Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 64 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 23) This strategy was used by the government of (early) Canada to protect Canada from American competition. A) free trade with Britain B) removal of tariffs on trade with the United States C) the National Policy of 1879 D) stricter enforcement of its border with the United States E) claiming of Northern and Arctic resources Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 24) The following expression is associated with the danger Canada faces in remaining heavily dependent on the exploitation of its natural resources: A) monoindustrialism B) the staples trap C) resource dependency D) semiperipheralization E) the tragedy of the commons Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 6 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 25) Harold Innis developed this thesis on the impact of the export of natural resources on Canada. A) the heartland-hinterland thesis B) the core-periphery thesis C) the staples thesis D) the dependency model E) trade deficit reduction thesis Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 72 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 26) In the era of early Canadian industrialization, significant amounts of hydropower were already in use A) in the Saguenay region of Quebec. B) in the St. John valley (New Brunswick). C) in Southern Ontario. D) in the Fraser River valley (British Columbia). E) around Montreal. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 27) Alberta’s reserves of oil and gas started to be significantly developed A) in the 1890s. B) in the 1920s. C) after 1945. D) in the early 1960s. E) following the oil crisis of 1973. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 28) Which among the following canals was never a commercial success because of its hinterland’s thin population? A) Rideau canal B) Chambly canal C) Welland canal D) Trent-Severn Waterway E) Lachine canal Answer: D Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 73 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 7 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 29) This canal, initially built in 1829, enables vessels to climb from Lake Ontario to Lake Erie. A) Trent-Severn B) Welland C) Rideau D) Erie E) Algoma Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 73 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 30) This invention powered further rounds of internal development, integration and intensification for the twentieth century. A) steam engine B) internal combustion engine C) pig iron D) electricity E) radio Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 75 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 31) The Canadian Pacific Railroad was completed in A) 1851. B) 1860. C) 1870. D) 1885. E) 1895. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 32) The Trans-Canada Highway was completed A) in the 1930s. B) after World War Two. C) in the mid 1950s. D) in the early 1960s. E) in the late 1960s. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 76 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 8 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 33) In the early 1900s, peripheral countries A) were well on their way to becoming core countries. B) had to import most of their manufactured goods from core countries. C) had diversified economies. D) began achieving independence at a rapid rate. E) exported a broad range of goods. Answer: B Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 76 Topic: Organizing the periphery Skill: Applied 34) The great scramble for African colonies occurred A) just after the Napoleonic wars. B) during the latter part of Portugal’s period of domination of the world-system. C) in the thirty years preceding World War I. D) in years between the two World Wars. E) in the ten years following World War II. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 79 Topic: Organizing the periphery Skill: Recall 35) This continent was the most affected by the second wave of imperialism beginning in the late nineteenth century. A) South Asia B) Oceania C) South America D) the Caribbean E) Africa Answer: E Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 79 Topic: Organizing the periphery Skill: Recall 36) The following makes reference to strategies by which core states indirectly maintain their influence over other areas: A) postcolonialism B) imperialism C) neo-colonialism D) subsumption E) peripheralization Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 79-80 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 9 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 37) Ethnoscapes A) are produced by flows of people, including tourists, immigrants, refugees, and guest workers. B) are produced via the processes of neo-colonialism. C) are created as a result of the digital divide. D) develop as the peripheral region is marginalized by the new international division of labour. E) are relativized places associated with spatial justice. Answer: A Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 82 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 38) One of these entities has played and continues to play a prominent role in expanding the processes of contemporary globalization. A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) B) United Nations (UN) C) International Non-Governmental Organization (INGO) D) Free Trade Association (FTA) E) Transnational Corporation (TNC) Answer: E Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 85 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 39) Which of the following cities is NOT considered a nerve centre of the globalized financial system? A) Hong Kong B) Frankfurt C) London D) Tokyo E) New York Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 83 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 40) The introduction of this transportation technology in the 1970s significantly contributed to the globalization of the world economy. A) wide-bodied cargo jets B) combined transport rail networks C) electric passenger vehicles D) container ships E) 18-wheel, wide-bodied trucks Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 84 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 10 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 41) In general terms, the world economy is now structured around a “core” of A) United States, European Union, Japan. B) United States, China, Japan. C) United States, European Union, China. D) China, European Union, Japan. E) China, European Union, India. Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 85 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 42) According to the UNDP, the poorest 20 percent of the world’s population accounted for what percent of world income? A) 0.5 percent B) 1.5 percent C) 2.5 percent D) 3 percent E) 4.5 percent Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 87 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 43) Which of the following principles takes into account variations in both people’s needs and their contributions to the production of wealth? A) spatial justice B) social justice C) spatial equity D) social equity E) unequal development Answer: A Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 87 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 44) Inequalities associated with differential use and access to the Internet are part of a(n) A) balance of power. B) international division of labour. C) core-periphery framework. D) digital divide. E) new economy. Answer: D Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 91 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 11 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 45) Canada has sought to protect its cultural industries from the effects of Americanization by way of A) the Canadian Cultural Policy. B) NAFTA sanctions. C) the Canadian Media Associations Act. D) Canadian quota sanctions. E) the Canadian content rules. Answer: E Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 85 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 46) According to Manuel Castells those that are denied access to the vital networks of the information age become part of A) electronic ghettoes. B) the “Fourth World.” C) the slow world. D) spirals of poverty. E) the periphery. Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 91 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 47) The ‘Logistics Mall’ A) allows consumers to access global markets with greater ease. B) can be invoked to minimize the effects of the digital divide. C) allows small and medium-sized business to operate worldwide. D) supplies semiperipheral regions with access to up-to-date information technologies. E) has been shown to increase exploitation of the periphery by the core. Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 85 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 48) It is estimated that in this region of the world, people’s standard of living is now, on average, lower than it was in the early 1960s. A) Andean South America B) Central America C) sub-Saharan Africa D) the Middle East E) Polynesia Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 87 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 12 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 49) In 2006, the World Trade Organization ruled against this region’s intention to impose a regulatory system on genetically modified foods. A) EU B) NAFTA C) ASEAN D) APEC E) EFTA Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 89 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 50) Which of the following countries has the most Internet users as a percentage of total population? A) Mexico B) Brazil C) Iceland D) China E) India Answer: C Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 90 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 51) Australia and New Zealand were quickly integrated into the world-system. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 55 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 52) Canada’s GNP places it in the group of the world’s seven most prosperous economies. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 58 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Recall 53) The BRIC regional category (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) was first used as a theoretical construct by academics before the group actually constituted itself. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Type: TF Page Ref: 57 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 54) The global core and periphery have not changed their locations over time but remained fixed. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 57 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 13 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 55) Mini-systems lose their cultural differences as they are absorbed into world-empires. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Type: TF Page Ref: 59 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 56) In the early 2000s, more than half a million Toronto households had incomes below the poverty line. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 57 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Recall 57) According to Brazil’s National Indian Foundation there are presently no uncontacted groups within Brazil. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 59 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Recall 58) Whaling stations were already established in the Lower St. Lawrence in the early 1500s. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 66 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 59) The permanent bases used for trading by the Hudson’s Bay Company were known as “forts.” Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 66 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 60) In Montreal, the emergence of the early business elite was mainly the result of the surrounding region’s prosperous agriculture. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Type: TF Page Ref: 67 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 61) Britain maintained world dominance in two successive cycles. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 69 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 62) For the periphery, European overseas expansion meant independency. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 65 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 14 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 63) As early as the 1920s, U.S. capital represented over 50 percent of all foreign investment in Canada. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 64) Development of Alberta’s reserves of oil and gas began in the 1980s. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 71 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 65) According to the staples thesis, large levels of exports of natural resources do not result in significant amounts of economic growth. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 72 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 66) In Canada, high levels of natural-resource exports produce significant economic growth. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Type: TF Page Ref: 72 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 67) By 1900, Canada effectively moved from the semi-periphery in the world-system to the core. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 73 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 68) Construction of the transcontinental railroad in the 1880s caused a major shift of manufacturing activity to Western Canada. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 74 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 69) In Canada, the main objective of canal construction was to improve or protect navigation along the St. Lawrence-Great Lakes corridor. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 73 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 70) The staples thesis examines the way in which the periphery is marginalized by the colonizing centre. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Type: TF Page Ref: 72 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 15 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 78) Most observers point to a hybridization of culture as a result of globalization, rather than the development of a single global culture. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 82 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 79) One of the effects of globalization has been a levelling of global wages across various economic sectors. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 82 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 80) In 1998, the wealth of the 200 richest individuals was greater than the combined annual income of 40 percent of the world’s population. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 87 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 81) In relation to the processes of globalization, places and regions are reconstructed rather than effaced. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 91 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 82) While including in your explanation examples of states and/or specific areas of the world, compare and contrast the three types of regions that compose today’s world-system. Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 54-58 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 83) While reflecting on the facts and arguments presented in the textbook, explain where Canada fits in the conceptual framework of world-system. Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 56-57 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 84) Who are the BRICs and what is their unique position in the modern world-system. Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 57 Topic: Understanding the world as a system Skill: Applied 85) Describe and analyze the processes of geographic expansion and change in the early world-system by discussing minisystems and the growth and characteristics of early empires. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 58-62 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 17 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 86) Identify and describe the geography of the major world-empires from their early appearance to the beginning of European overseas expansion. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 59-62 Topic: Geographic expansion, integration and change Skill: Applied 87) Write an essay in which you describe the various factors and motivations responsible for European overseas expansion during the modem world-system. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 62-63 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 88) Starting from the late 1400s and continuing to the present, discuss world leadership cycles and what causes states to rise to hegemony only to fall later. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 68-70 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 89) Identify and describe the early stages of European overseas expansion to Canada. How did this reflect the creation of a relation of dependency between periphery and core? Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 66-68 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 90) Give the approximate dates of the three periods of industrialization and discuss the characteristics of each period. Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 67-68 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 91) While making reference to specific cases and geographic locations, identify and discuss the evolution of the various forms of transportation technology, which generated economic growth and development in the core countries of the world-system. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 73-76 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Recall 92) While pointing to structural characteristics of the Canadian economy which support it, explain Harold Innis’s staples thesis. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 72 Topic: Mapping a new world geography Skill: Applied 93) Discuss the three primary changes to the New International Division of Labour as a result of globalization. Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 82 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 18 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc. 94) In an essay, discuss and evaluate the imperialism of the late nineteenth century, the disintegration of colonial empires, and neo-colonialism. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 78-80 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 95) Present some traits of the new form of imperialism associated to transnational corporations. Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 74 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 96) Present and discuss the four important factors contributing to globalization. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 80-82 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 97) Present a few ways in which Canada has sought to protect its cultural industries in a context of globalization. Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 83 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 98) Define and contrast these two concepts: slow world and fast world. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 87 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 99) Briefly explain and discuss Manual Castells’s concept of the “Fourth World.” Diff: 2 Type: SA Page Ref: 91 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Recall 100) Discuss the issues associated with the opposition to globalization and the various means by which this opposition can be mobilized. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 81-89 Topic: Neo-colonialism and early globalization Skill: Applied 19 © 2013 Pearson Canada, Inc.